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Land Pollution

Overview

Revered to as soil pollution, land pollution involves the following mechanism:

  • Deposition of solid waste

  • Accumulation of non-biodegradable materials

  • Toxification of chemicals into poisons

  • Alteration of soil chemical composition (imbalance of chemical equilibrium to soil medium)

By as much, land pollution of this has amass globally, everyday threatening the very foundation and mechanical support of every matter on earth. Statistically, it has been shown that:

  • loss of 6 million hectares of land per year

  • loss of 24 billion tons of topsoil per year

  • loss of minimum 15 million acres prime agricultural land to overuse and mismanagement

  • desertification of land results in the lost of 16 million per square miles of world's land surface

The causes for such devastation are generally due to 2 (two) forms of malpractices:

  • Unhealthy soil management methods;

    • improper tillage of soil in which excessive tillage result in the deterioration of soil structure

    • non-maintenance of a proper supply of organic matter in the soil from the imbalance composition of the reserves of organic matter especially nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur unplenished supply after cultivation of vegetation, living the soil prone to soil infertility, unable to stabilize the soil physicality which ultimately let to desertification

    • irregular maintenance of a proper nutrient supply of trace elements gives rise to the use of excessive synthetic fertilizers, which are non biodegradable and accumulate in the soil system which eventually destroys useful organisms such as bacteria, fungi and other organisms

    • improper maintenance of the correct soil acidity which ultimately disrupt the adaptation of various crops and native vegetation of different soils as the solubility of minerals present will be affected. In a more acidic soil, minerals tend to be more soluble and washed away during rainfall while alkaline soil, minerals are more insoluble which form complex minerals unable to be absorbed into the flora system physiological usage.

  • Improper irrigation practices;

    • poorly drained soil result in salt deposits leading to high soil salinity that inhibit plant growth and may lead to crop failure

    • unirrigated land giving rise to stagnation of agriculture waste products which accumulates and increases land toxicity and also decreasing

    • irregular irrigation leads to decreasing moisturization of land for soil medium and replenishments of solvents for minerals

 

Sources and Methods

We can classify major sources that lead to land pollution to the following categories:

  • agriculture

  • mining and quarrying

  • sewage sludge

  • dredged spoils

  • household 

  • demolitions and constructions

  • industrial

Source : http://library.thinkquest.org

Pollution


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All efforts have been made to make the information as accurate as possible, Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board, will not be responsible for any loss to any person caused by inaccuracy in the information available on this Website. Any discrepancy found may be brought to the notice of Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board.